Sampling and surveys are applied because the cost of a census of the entire population is not efficient or too resource intensive. Sampling and surveying can be less expensive, but is itself costly. Knowledgeable survey design is key to achieving objectives while conserving resources. Optimal sample design can dramatically improve the effectiveness of sampling and surveying, and producing required precision while minimizing costs. We have extensive experience with complex sample and survey design. Our past sampling and surveying services include: